Everyone should know how human papillomavirus is transmitted. Is this the only way to protect you from dangerous diseases? Often the papilloma is of no particular importance. Many people believe that if a papule appears on the body, it will disappear on its own. This mistake haunts mankind, and the consequences may be undesirable.
Papillomas tend to grow, leading to the spread of the papilloma virus throughout the body. Sometimes the individual strains of it have the potential to cause cancer.
What is the human papillomavirus virus
This virus is a chronic infectious manifestation of a variety of diseases that can occur in people of all ages. In medicine, there are two types of virus, one that does not carry a high risk of serious diseases and the other with a high risk virus.
Less dangerous viruses including papillomas and warts of subtypes 6 and 11, and dangerous types - 16 and 18. These are the following types that lead to cell mutation and development. cancer.
The papilloma virus multiplies on its skin and mucous membranes. As a result, the following lumps form on the skin:
- warts;
- condylomas; papilloma
- in the mouth and larynx; Papillary neoplasms
- on internal organs.
There are many cases where papilloma has become the cause of cervical cancer in women, as well as male genital cancer. To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to know the pathways of disease transmission.
How the virus entered the human body
The infection spreads through the mucous membranes or skin of a person. If there is no acute disease, the papilloma does not appear of any kind, and does not form a tumor on the surface of the skin.
If tumors grow on the skin of different colors, this indicates a precancerous condition, when the human skin and the entire body are malignant or the immunity is significantly impaired. .
The "favorite" places for bacteria to get in are cuts, scrapes, and other skin lesions that viruses can get into.
Increases the chance of infection if:
- A person who has a cold or other reasons causing a significant decrease in immunity.
- Dysbacteriosis of the intestine or female genital organs is observed. In this case, the death of the beneficial microflora occurs and harmful microorganisms to its site, in this case, infection with the human papillomavirus.
- Presence of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recurrence of chronic diseases.
- Stress, depression reduces a person's ability to defend against viruses.
Most nicotine addicts, as well as women who are taking birth control pills, get sick.
Ways of virus transmission
If a person has no symptoms, this doesn't mean there is no papillomavirus. The early stage, when there are no developments yet, can be diagnosed using the latest equipment. In medicine, there are several ways of transmitting dangerous microorganisms.
Both men and women can be infected with the dangerous virus. The following transfer methods are distinguished:
Sex
This is the most common method against infections. Just once having sex, the genital warts virus can be passed from a sick person to a healthy person. It doesn't matter if the exposure is oral, vaginal or anal. Risk is still there.
Many people are interested in the question of whether human papilloma can spread from woman to man. However, most diseases are diagnosed in men, and a large number of women are likely to become carriers. In this case, the genitals, or the oral mucosa, where genital warts have appeared, become the site of bacteria. In this case, there is a 100% risk of infection.
During anal sex, papillomas form on the anus. Especially if there is some damage or injury. If your partner has genital warts, even using a condom does not provide complete protection.
Contributing factors are:
- started sexually active early;
- changes sexual partners often;
- u or the warts present in the sexual partner.
Oral sex is the most common method of infection of 16 and 18 types of papillomas. In this case, the virus enters the human body through various wounds or other lesions on the oral mucosa. In the mouth, if there is no qualified treatment, the chance of getting throat cancer is higher. To avoid such consequences, you must use a condom.
If the residence of the virus is human skin, then a condom will not be useful here. Papillomas are transmitted by direct contact with human skin, on which there are fibroids and warts.
By household
In this case, the infection happens in the following ways:
- Use the same towels, soap, and other personal hygiene products as someone with warts on their hands. Pathology occurs if there are injuries and abrasions on the body.
- Use of a single toothbrush or instrument leads to infection through the patient's saliva.
- An infected person's clothing can also become a reservoir of the virus and spread to healthy people.
- Self-infecting during shaving, plucking, and other methods. It develops if the wart has been damaged with a razor or another object that was not previously dangerous. In the event of damage, this growth stimulates tumor growth, which can pose a significant danger to human health.
Infection in public places by contact with infected people
Medical practice has documented cases of the virus being transmitted by blood transfusion, surgery to remove genital warts, when the doctor accidentally spread the infection's concentration throughout the body and eliminatedpoor nail tools in the salon.
Mother-to-child transmission of virus
Human papillomas are not inherited, but there is a risk of transmission from mother to child. During pregnancy, the risk of transmitting the virus is minimal, but however, if the placenta is damaged or other changes occur, the papilloma can pass to the fetus.
The virus will penetrate it through the placenta, because the fetus has not yet formed bronchi and alveoli. In this case, the child develops a respiratory papilloma. If, after giving birth, the child has symptoms of breathing arrhythmia, it should be examined, and then it can be indicated by medication or surgery. The second option is used more often, as it has a higher chance of being cured.
Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is necessary to pass all the necessary tests to rule out the risk of developing papilloma.
It is very likely that the baby will be infected through the birth canal. As a result, the child develops genital warts on the mouth and larynx, leading to various disorders of the respiratory system and decreased immunity.
If papilloma is found on a woman's genitals before childbirth, the childbirth is done artificially to reduce the risk of infection to the baby.
Another way to pass the infection to a baby from a mother is through breastfeeding. In this case, the child develops a respiratory papilloma, which requires immediate treatment.
Characteristics of the virus in men and women
In women, the virus travels through the cervix, rectum, or mouth. If you frequently change sexual partners, the risk of infection increases to the maximum. The consequences of the disease can be infertility, cancer and many other diseases.
Male papillomavirus usually manifests on the scrotum, genitals, anus, or in the mouth. In men, the disease can progress without symptoms, it is only after severe stress or impaired immunity can development of papillomavirus occur.
The dangerous moment for HPV in men is cancerous growth of the male genitalia or anus.
In order to prevent virus from entering human body, it is necessary to adhere to rules of hygiene, a healthy lifestyle and to be faithful to a partner.